老兵之憶 2002. 5. 28 by 尤克強 教授
母親節回彰化老家的時候,在父親房中的書架上看到一本舊書,是三十五年前出版的〈麥克阿瑟〉(Douglas MacArthur, 1880-1964)全譯本,原作者為小克雷布萊爾(Clay Blair, Jr.),譯者為鄭琇藝女士。當我翻到最後一頁的時候,被鄭女士翻譯的文筆吸引住了。那是在麥帥逝世的前兩年(1962年5月),他以八十二的高齡接受其母校西點頒贈勳章的殊榮,並在檢閱學生兵團之後,發表生平最後一次,也是最令大眾感動的一場演講,鄭女士翻譯那篇講辭的最後一段如下:
「我已老朽,黃昏將至,老年將快結束─聲音與顏色均已黯褪。輝煌的往事,已在夢憶中消逝。回憶真是奇美、有淚水的滋潤、和昔日微笑的撫慰。我耳際朦朧,但我熱切聆聽微弱的號角吹奏迷人的起床號音,以及遙遠的鼓聲。
在夢憶中,我再度聽到槍砲的聲音,與戰場上憂傷的低語,在我記憶的黃昏,我又常回到西點。那裡總響著:責任、榮譽、國家。
今天是我最後一次校閱你們,但我要你們知道;當我橫越這條河之時,我內心深處,仍思念著同學們!
同學們!同學們!我向你們說珍重再見。」
因為這段譯文是如此地優美,像詩歌一般,迫使我有找到原文比對的衝動。拜網路科技所賜,我很快就找到的原文如下:
「The shadows are lengthening for me. The twilight is here. My days of old have vanished tone and tint; they have gone glimmering through the dreams of things that were. Their memory is one of wondrous beauty, watered by tears, and coaxed and caressed by the smiles of yesterday. I listen vainly, but with thirsty ear, for the witching melody of faint bugles blowing reveille, of far drums bearing the long roll. In my dreams I hear again the crash of guns, the rattle of musketry, the strange mournful mutter of the battlefield. But in the evening of my memory, always I come back to West Point. Always there echoes and reechoes in my ears-Duty-Honor-Country.
Today marks my final roll call with you. But I want you to know that when I cross the river my last conscious thoughts will be of the Corps-and the Corps-and the Corps.
I bid you farewell.」
仔細將原文和鄭女士的譯文比對之後,我的結論是鄭女士真的是翻譯的高手。不但中、英文俱佳,而且「信、達、雅」兼俱,令人萬分佩服。有她這樣功力的譯者,當今大概已不多見了吧。
所以我只能做兩點小小的補充。第一,讀者看到"My days of old have vanished tone and tint; they have gone glimmering through the dreams of things that were."這句話的時候,心中應該浮起這樣的畫面:依稀的光芒和聲音逐漸隱退、隱退、而消失不見。鄭女士譯為「年老將快結束─聲音與顏色均已黯褪。輝煌的往事,已在夢憶中消逝」,真是如詩般的神來之筆。第二個補充,則是"cross the river"應當就是"cross the Styx"。Styx是希臘神話中的冥河,死者的靈魂經由Styx被載渡至冥府,因此"cross the Styx"意指死亡。鄭女士直譯為「橫渡這條河」,也是故意要隱諱「死亡」兩個字所產生的陰影,恰如原文用river而不用Styx。
讀畢這段原文,順手又在網頁上看了一下麥帥的另一篇名作:〈為子祈禱文〉(A Father's Prayer)。當發現"who will be strong enough to know when he is weak."居然被翻譯成「在軟弱時,能夠堅強不屈」,不禁要感嘆:今人之譯工,實不如舊人矣。
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