【評析】汽車主動安全裝置：1. ABS(防鎖死剎車系統)的歷史＠CP值執行長

2009-12-26 22:49:23| 人氣16,494| 回應1 | 上一篇 | 下一篇

【評析】汽車主動安全裝置：1. ABS(防鎖死剎車系統)的歷史

<汽車主動安全裝置：1. ABS(防鎖死剎車系統)的歷史>

汽車主動安全裝置的首要就是ABS(防鎖死剎車系統)，這就是說一切的汽車主動安全裝置就由ABS揭開了序幕，ABS是由BOSCH這家德國公司發明的，讓我們先來看一篇BOSCH發明ABS的25週年(1978~2003)紀念宣言。

25th Bosch ABS anniversary (Bosch ABS 25週年宣言)

ABS – a success story (ABS – 一個成功的故事)

The antilock braking system first brought to market by Bosch in 1978 prevents wheel lock during full braking. This ensures that the vehicle can still be steered and moved out of the way of unexpected obstacles.

防鎖死剎車系統在1978年首先由BOSCH帶入市場。

“ABS substantially improves driving stability and usually shortens the brake path as well,” says Wolfgang Drees, member of the management board at Robert Bosch GmbH and head of its Chassis Systems division. Today, more than two thirds of all new vehicles manufactured worldwide are equipped with ABS.

防鎖死剎車系統可增加駕駛穩定度與縮短煞車路徑，(2003年)現在世上已有2/3的新車配有ABS系統。

Bosch filed a patent application for an “Apparatus for preventing lock-braking of the wheels of a motor vehicle” as early as 1936.

早在1936年就有防鎖死剎車的相關專利提出。

In 1978 Bosch was the world’s first automotive supplier to present an ABS system ready for mass production. By October that year, the ABS 2 was available on the market for the first time in S-Class cars from Mercedes-Benz. Integration in the BMW 7 series followed in December.

1978年ABS 2版本首度使用在BENZ S-Class & BMW 7系統，可見當初是運用在BENZ與BMW最高級的車輛上。

Since the components of the system had been cut to 140, its micro-electronics now displayed the reliability needed in cars.

ABS發展之初需要140個電子元件。

In the following years, the main aim was to make the system smaller, lighter and more effective. In 1989, Bosch engineers successfully installed a control device built on the hybrid construction principle directly on the hydraulic aggregate. Complex connections were no longer required, and this generation of the ABS 2E was also far lighter.

1989年發展出的ABS 2E版本，整個ABS系統更小更輕更有效率。

In 1993 Bosch developers built the generation 5.0 with new magnetic valves. It was followed by the 5.3 and 5.7 versions. Additional functions were added, e.g. electronic brake force metering which replaced the mechanical brake force proportioning valve on the rear axle.

在1993年BOSCH發展出關鍵性的ABS 5.0版本，並採用全新的電磁閥，接下來又繼續發展出5.3版本跟5.7版本，並用電子煞車力道取代機械煞車力道，其實在5.X版本就已經把EBD一併加入了。(請待續EBD文章)

The current ABS generation is the ABS 8 introduced by Bosch in 2001. This is a modular system which permits the ABS, TCS and ESP® braking control systems to be implemented as an integrated product family. This has resulted in optimal use of synergies in production and development.

2001年BOSCH發展出最新的ABS 8.0版本，這個版本結合了ABS、TCS、ESP的煞車系統，每次看到這都覺得德國人真是幸福，難怪可以擁有無速限高速公路。

These technological advances have led to higher performance, less components and lower weight of the ABS. Whereas the ABS 2 (1978) weighed 6.3 kg, the ABS 8.0 of 2003 weighs a mere 1.6 kg.

1978年的ABS 2版本重6.3kg，到了2003年的ABS 8.0版本剩下1.6kg，BOSCH研發能力十足。

Since production-line manufacturing of ABS took off in 1978, Bosch has delivered 100 million ABS systems worldwide.

從1978年來，全球已經使用上億套BOSCH所製造出來的ABS系統。

Soon, no new car in Europe is to come without an antilock braking system. The European federation of automotive manufacturers has committed itself to fitting all news cars sold in Europe with ABS as standard from mid-2004 onwards.

2004年中起全歐洲每台市售車皆需搭配ABS系統，反觀台灣直到2010年新安全規定才要求所有市售車需配備ABS系統，真是讓人感到無可奈何。