Contaminate
verb [ T ]
UK /kənˈtæm.ɪ.neɪt/ US /kənˈtæm.ə.neɪt/
to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material
to make something less pure or make it poisonous
毒害污染；弄髒；
Much of the coast has been contaminated by nuclear waste.
大部分海岸已受到核廢料污染。
The food which had been contaminated was destroyed.
受污染的食物已被銷毀了。
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Contemplate
contemplate
verb [ I or T ]
UK /ˈkɒn.təm.pleɪt/ US /ˈkɑːn.t̬əm.pleɪt/
C2
to spend time considering a possible future action, or to consider one particular thing for a long time in a serious and quiet way
盤算；沈思，冥想
[ + -ing verb ] I'm contemplating going abroad for a year.
我打算出國一年。
They were contemplating a move to California.
他們打算搬到加利福尼亞去。
It's too awful/horrific/dangerous to contemplate.
這件事太糟糕／可怕／危險，簡直不敢想。
Contemplation
n.[U]
不可數名詞
She spent an hour in quiet contemplation. 她靜靜地沉思了一個小時。
He reached his decision after a good deal of contemplation. 他經過周密思考後作出了決定。
She bought three dresses in contemplation of her trip. 她為了作一次旅行買了三套衣服。
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Contemporary
adj.
形容詞
- 1.當代的His lecture is on contemporary American novelists. 他的演講是關於當代美國小說家的。
- 2.同時代的；同年齡的[（+with）]Was Ben Jonson contemporary with Shakespeare? 班強森是否與莎士比亞同輩？
n.[C]
可數名詞
- 1.同時代的人；同年齡的人He was looked down upon by his contemporaries. 他被他同時代的人瞧不起。
- 2.同時期的東西
- 3.當代人，現代人
contemporary age現代
contemporary western philosophy當代西方哲學
contemporary art當代藝術
Contemporary Issues當代問題
contemporary theory當代理論
Turner Contemporary特納當代美術館
contemporary china當代中國
Contemporary Fashion當代時尚
Contemporary Dance現代舞
contemporary music現代音樂
contemporary optics現代光學
the contemporary era當代
contemporary literature[語] 現代文學
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Contempt
contempt
noun [ U ]
UK /kənˈtempt/ US /kənˈtempt/
contempt noun [U] (NO RESPECT)
C2
a strong feeling of disliking and having no respect for someone or something
蔑視；鄙視；輕視；輕蔑
At school she had complete contempt for all her teachers.
在學校讀書時她對所有老師都不屑一顧。
You should treat those remarks with the contempt that they deserve.
你理應對那些話不屑一顧。
She's beneath contempt (= I have no respect for her)!
她為人所不齒！
hold sb/sth in contempt
to feel contempt for someone or something
對…不屑一顧
===============================================
Contest
contest
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈkɒn.test/ US /ˈkɑːn.test/
contest noun [C] (COMPETITION)
B1
a competition to do better than other people, usually in which prizes are given
比賽；競賽
a dance/sports contest
舞蹈／體育比賽
She's won a lot of beauty contests.
她多次在選美大賽中獲勝。
减少例句
The winner of tonight's talent contest will be decided by clapometer.
Both sides played well - it was a very even contest.
It's a real feather in our cap to be representing Britain in this contest.
She is one of the front-runners in the contest.
The organizers say it's a fair contest but who knows what goes on backstage?
contest noun [C] (ATTEMPT)
an attempt, usually against difficulties, to win an election or to get power or control
（為贏得選舉或權力而進行的）爭取，爭奪
The contest for the leadership of the party was very bitter.
該党領袖職務的競選爭奪非常激烈。
The primary in Iowa is the first contest for the Republican nomination.
愛荷華州的初選是爭奪共和黨提名候選人的第一站。
更多範例
contest
verb [ T ]
UK /kənˈtest/ US /kənˈtest/
contest verb [T] (ARGUE)
If you contest a formal statement, a claim, a judge's decision, or a legal case, you say formally that it is wrong or unfair and try to have it changed.
質疑；辯駁；駁斥
We will certainly contest any claims made against the safety of our products.
我們肯定會駁斥任何批評我們産品安全性的說法。
contest verb [T] (COMPETE)
to compete for something
競爭；爭奪；角逐
The medal is being keenly contested by eight gymnasts.
八名體操運動員在激烈爭奪這枚獎牌。
contest verb [T] (ATTEMPT)
to attempt to win an election or to get power or control
爭取，爭奪（選舉勝利或權力）
She could win, since only two people are contesting the seat and the other candidate is very unpopular.
她大有希望獲勝，因為只有兩個人爭奪這個位置，而另一個候選人很不得人心。
enter the contest加入競賽；參加比賽
contest for和...對抗（后接物）
scholarship contest獎學金競試
Speech Contest演講比賽
recital contest朗誦比賽
contest with爭奪
pop contest流行音樂會
close contest勢均力敵的比賽
fishing contest釣魚比賽
Dunk contest扣籃大賽
singing contest歌唱比賽
English Contest綜合知識競賽
beauty contest選美比賽
no contest無賽事；無競爭；不抗辯；無爭議
speech contest演講比賽
Blog Contest博客大賽
Contend
verb
UK
/kənˈtend/ US
/kənˈtend/
contend verb (COMPETE)
[ I ]
to compete in order to win something
競爭；爭奪
There are three world-class tennis players contending for this title.有三位世界頂級網球選手爭奪這項冠軍。
He's contending against someone with twice his experience.他在和經驗比他豐富一倍的人競爭。
contend verb (CLAIM)
[ T + (that) ] formal
to say that something is true or is a fact
聲稱；斷言；主張
The lawyer contended (that) her client had never been near the scene of the crime.該律師聲稱她的委託人從未走近過犯罪現場。
Compete
compete
verb [ I ]
UK
/kəmˈpiːt/ US
/kəmˈpiːt/
B2
to try to be more successful than someone or something else
競爭
It's difficult for a small shop to compete against/with the big supermarkets.小超市很難與大超市競爭。
Both girls compete for their father's attention.兩個女孩在父親面前爭寵。
figurative Turn the music down - I'm not competing against/with that noise (= I can't/won't try to speak louder than that music)!把音樂調小聲一點——我可不想跟那噪音較量！
B1
to take part in a race or competition
參加賽跑；參與競爭；爭奪
Are you competing in the 100 metres?你參加100米賽跑嗎？
The two athletes are competing for the gold medal.這兩位選手在爭奪金牌。
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Continent
continent shift大陸的輪換
dark continent非洲
BENTLEY CONTINENT賓利歐陸
le continent大陸報
New Continent新大洲
antarctic continent南極大陸；南極洲
Cimmerian continent里大陸
Tiger continent老虎洲
Mu Continent穆大陸
white continent白色大陸
continental breakfast
noun [ C ]
UK /ˌkɒn.tɪ.nen.təl ˈbrek.fəst/ US /ˌkɑːn.t̬ən.en.t̬əl ˈbrek.fəst/
a simple morning meal consisting of fruit juice, coffee, and bread with butter and jam
歐洲大陸式早餐（包括果汁、咖啡以及可塗抹奶油和果醬的麵包）
Continental AG, commonly known as Continental or colloquially as Conti,[4] is a German multinational automotive parts manufacturing company specializing in tires, brake systems, interior electronics, automotive safety, powertrain and chassis components, tachographs, and other parts for the automotive and transportation industries.
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Contradict
contradict
verb [ I or T ]
UK
/ˌkɒn.trəˈdɪkt/ US
/ˌkɑːn.trəˈdɪkt/
C1
(of people) to say the opposite of what someone else has said, or (of one fact or statement) to be so different from another fact or statement that one of them must be wrong
反駁，否定；（事實或聲明）（與…）相矛盾，（與…）有抵觸
If you're both going to lie, at least stick to the same story and don't contradict each other!如果你們倆都要撒謊，至少也要口徑一致，不要互相矛盾！
He kept contradicting himself when we were arguing - I think he was a bit confused.我們爭論時他一直自相矛盾——我想他有點糊塗了。
How dare you contradict (me)!你怎麽敢頂撞我！
Recent evidence has contradicted established theories on this subject.關於這一問題，最近發現的證據與即存理論相抵觸。
contradict oneself自相矛盾
system contradict系統相悖
Contradiction
contradiction
noun [ C or U ]
US /ˌkɑːn.trəˈdɪk.ʃən/
C2
the fact of something being the complete opposite of something else or very different from something else, so that one of them must be wrong
矛盾
You say that you're good friends and yet you don't trust him. Isn't that a contradiction?你說你們是好朋友，可你又不信任他。那不是有點矛盾嗎？
a contradiction in terms
a combination of words that is nonsense because some of the words suggest the opposite of some of the others
用詞自相矛盾的話
Many people think that an honest politician is a contradiction in terms.許多人認為「誠實的政客」在用詞上自相矛盾。
n.
名詞
- 1.矛盾[C][U]There seems to be a contradiction between her words and actions. 她的言行似乎不一致。
- 2.否認；反駁；抵觸[U][C]The boss will not tolerate any contradiction. 老板不能容忍頂嘴。
- 3.自相矛盾的說法[C]The statement A circle is a square is a contradiction. 圓是正方形這句話是自相矛盾的說法。
n. 矛盾，抵觸
· inconsistency
· , variance
· , discrepancy
· , disparity
· , ambivalence
· , antithesis
· , incongruity
· , contrariety
· , antilogy
· , clash
· , discordancy
· , confliction
Conflict
conflict
noun [ C or U ]
UK
/ˈkɒn.flɪkt/ US
/ˈkɑːn.flɪkt/
B2
an active disagreement between people with opposing opinions or principles
衝突；分歧；爭論
There was a lot of conflict between him and his father.他和父親之間存在著許多分歧。
It was an unpopular policy and caused a number of conflicts within the party.這項政策不得人心，在黨內引起了很多分歧。
His outspoken views would frequently bring him into conflict with the president.他對自己的看法總是直言不諱，這常常使他和總統發生爭執。
B2
fighting between two or more groups of people or countries
戰鬥，戰爭
We wish to avoid conflict between our countries if at all possible.我們希望我們兩國之間能盡一切可能避免戰爭。
conflict theory沖突理論；沖突論
constructive conflict建設性沖突
conflict rules沖突法規
role conflict角色沖突
conflict management沖突管理；矛盾處理
cultural conflict文化沖突
Goal Conflict目標沖突；目標之間的矛盾
goal conflict目標沖突；目標之間的矛盾
in conflict with和…沖突
VEGA Conflict維咔沖突
armed conflict武裝沖突
conflict of laws法律之間矛盾，法律沖突
conflict of interest利益沖突；公職人員對公眾義務與其本身利益相沖突
conflict zone紛爭地帶；沖突地帶；戰爭啟示錄
Modern Conflict現代沖突
conflict resolution沖突解決；沖突消除
open conflict外部沖突；公開沖突
in conflict有矛盾；不一致
conflict detection沖突檢測；沖突偵測
culture conflict文化沖突
Managing Conflict解決沖突（manage conflict的現在分詞）
class conflict階級沖突；階級斗爭
mental conflict精神矛盾；心理沖突
conflict with沖突；與…抵觸
racial conflict種族沖突
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Contrary
contrary
noun [ S ]
formal
UK
/ˈkɒn.trə.ri/ US /ˈkɑːn.tre.ri/
the contrary
the opposite
相反；反面；對立面；相反事物
I was worried that it might be too hard for me but it turned out the contrary was true.我原來擔心那可能對我來說太難了，可是我發現恰恰相反。
on the contrary
B2
used to show that you think or feel the opposite of what has just been stated
正相反，恰恰相反
"I thought you said the film was exciting?" "On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep half way through it!"「你不覺得這齣電影很精彩嗎？」「正相反，看到一半我差點睡著！」
to the contrary
C1
saying or showing the opposite
正相反的，恰恰相反的
For a long time it was thought to be a harmless substance, but we now have proof/evidence to the contrary.長期以來這種物質被認爲是無害的，但最近我們有了相反的證據。
contrary
adjective
UK
/ˈkɒn.trə.ri/ /kənˈtreə.ri/ US
/ˈkɑːn.trɚ.i/ /kənˈtrer.i/
contrary adjective (OPPOSITE)
C1 UK
/ˈkɒn.trə.ri/ US
/ˈkɑːn.tre-/
opposite
相反的，對立的；完全不同的
a contrary point of view相反的觀點
Contrary to all our expectations, he found a well-paid job and a nice girlfriend.出乎我們的意料，他找到了一份報酬不菲的工作和一個漂亮的女友。
contrary to popular opinion UK
/ˈkɒn.trə.ri/ US
/ˈkɑːn.tre-/
in a different way from what most people believe
與大多數人的看法不同
Contrary to popular opinion, I don't dye my hair!與大多數人的想法不同，我不染頭髮！
contrary adjective (NOT REASONABLE)
UK
/kənˈtreə.ri/ US
/-ˈtrer.i/
A contrary person wants to disagree with and annoy other people.
乖戾的；故意作對的；執拗的
He doesn't really mean it - he's just being contrary.這不是他的本意——他只是在故意作對。
Contrast
contrast
noun [ C or U ]
UK /ˈkɒn.trɑːst/ US /ˈkɑːn.træst/
B2
an obvious difference between two or more things
差別，差異；對照，對比
I like the contrast of the white trousers with the black jacket.我喜歡白色長褲與黑色外套形成的對比。
The antique furnishing provides an unusual contrast to the modernity of the building.這座建築物的古典裝飾與它自身的現代風格形成了不同尋常的對比。
There's a marked contrast between his character and hers.他的性格與她形成了鮮明對比。
Their economy has expanded, while ours, by/in contrast, has declined.他們的經濟快速增長，相比之下，我們的經濟則下滑了。
The amount spent on defence is in stark/sharp (= in very noticeable) contrast to that spent on housing and health.國防支出與住房及醫療保健的支出形成了鮮明的對照。
I love his use of contrast (= strong differences between light and darkness) in his later photographs.我喜歡他後期攝影作品中光暗對比的運用。
contrast
verb
UK
/kənˈtrɑːst/ US
/kənˈtræst/
C2 [ T ]
to compare two people or things in order to show the differences between them
對照，對比
If you contrast some of her early writing with her later work, you can see just how much she improved.如果你對比一下她的早期作品和後期的作品，就會看出她進步有多大。
C2 [ I ]
If one thing contrasts with another, it is very different from it.
形成對照；顯出明顯的差異
The styles of the two film makers contrast quite dramatically.兩位電影導演風格迥異。
The tartness of the lemons contrasts with the sweetness of the honey.檸檬的酸味和蜂蜜的甜味形成鮮明的對比。
contrast with與…形成對比；和…相對照
contrast sensitivity[計][通信] 對比靈敏度
contrast threshold對比閾
dark contrast暗反差
phase contrast相襯
simultaneous contrast[攝][生理] 同時對比
contrast AF對比度自動對焦技術
contrast medium[特醫] 造影劑；對比劑
contrast color對照色，[光] 對比色
contrast agent造影劑；對比劑
sharp contrast鮮明對比；強對比，強烈對比
phase contrast microscope[光] 相差顯微鏡；[光] 相襯顯微鏡
by contrast with和…相對比；與…比較起來
image contrast影象對比，影像反差
high contrast高對比度，高襯比；[攝] 高反差，高調
in contrast with與…形成對比；與…相比
color contrast色彩對比（度）
striking contrast顯著對比，鮮明的對比
Film contrast底片對比率
contrast enhancement[電子] 對比增強；增襯器；對比強化
Contrast Effect[食品] 對比效應；對比效果；雙色效應
visual contrast[測] 視覺對比
contrast gradient對比度
in contrast與此相反；比較起來
contrasting
adjective
UK /kənˈtrɑː.stɪŋ/ US /kənˈtræs.tɪŋ/
very different
截然不同的
contrasting colours/flavours對比鮮明的顔色／味道
the contrasting attitudes of different age-groups不同年齡組別截然不同的態度
contrastive
adjective
UK
/kənˈtrɑː.stɪv/ US
/kənˈtræs.tɪv/
showing the differences between things
對比的，對照的
a contrastive analysis of English and Spanish英文和西班牙文的對比分析
===================================================================
Controversial
adjective
UK
/ˌkɒn.trəˈvɜː.ʃəl/ US
/ˌkɑːn.trəˈvɝː.ʃəl/
B2
causing disagreement or discussion
有爭議的；引起爭議的
a controversial issue/decision/speech/figure有爭議的問題／決議／講話／數字
The book was very controversial.這本書很有爭議。
Controversy
noun [ C or U ]
UK
/ˈkɒn.trə.vɜː.si/ /kənˈtrɒv.ə.si/ US
/ˈkɑːn.trə.vɝː.si/
C1
a lot of disagreement or argument about something, usually because it affects or is important to many people
爭議；爭論；爭辯
There was a big controversy surrounding/over the use of drugs in athletics.體育界對使用違禁藥物爭議很大。
The policy has caused fierce/heated controversy ever since it was introduced.這項政策自推行以來已引起了激烈的爭論。
These are the facts that are beyond controversy. 這是一些無可爭辯的事實。
There was a huge controversy over the plans for the new school. 對建造新學校的計畫爭議極大。
he never imagined the controversy it would cause.
他從沒有想到這回引起如此的爭議。
====================================================================
Convince
verb [ T ]
UK /kənˈvɪns/ US /kənˈvɪns/
B1
to persuade someone or make someone certain
說服；使相信；使信服
He managed to convince the jury of his innocence.他使陪審團相信他是無辜的。
[ + (that) ] It's useless trying to convince her (that) she doesn't need to lose any weight.要讓她相信她無需減肥是徒勞的。
I was convinced that he knew the truth. 我確信他知道事實。
[ + to infinitive ] I hope this will convince you to change your mind.我希望這會說服你改變主意。
使確信，使信服；說服[（+of）
][O5][O2]He convinced me of his innocence. 他使我相信他是無辜的。
Cord
cord
noun
UK
/kɔːd/ US
/kɔːrd/
cord noun (ROPE/WIRE)
[ C or U ]
(a length of) rope or string made of twisted threads
（一段）繩，索，線
Where's the cord that ties back the curtains?繫著窗簾的繩子在哪裡？
nylon cord尼龍繩
cotton cord棉紗繩
[ C or U ]
(UK also flex)
a piece of wire covered in plastic, used to connect electrical equipment to a power supply
電線
an extension cord延長線
cord noun (CLOTH)
[ U ] UK
→ corduroy
燈芯絨
a cord shirt/jacket燈芯絨襯衫／外套
cords [ plural ]
trousers made of corduroy material
燈芯絨褲子
cord noun (IN THE BODY)
[ C ]
a long structure in the body similar to a rope
（體內的）帶，索
the umbilical cord臍帶
Cordial
adjective
formal
UK
/ˈkɔː.di.əl/ US /ˈkɔːr.dʒəl/
cordial adjective (FRIENDLY)
friendly, but formal and polite
友好的，熱誠的，誠摯的
a cordial smile/greeting/welcome/reception誠摯的微笑／問候／歡迎／接待
Relations between the two leaders are said to be cordial.據說兩位領導人關係友好。
相似詞
hearty朋友們；伙伴們
friendly友好的；親切的；支持的；融洽的，和睦的
sincere真誠的；誠摯的；真實的
hospitable熱情友好的；（環境）舒適的
warm使…興奮；使…溫暖；使…感興趣
devoted獻身於…；致力於…（devote的過去分詞）
affectionate充滿愛的；
agreeable令人愉快的；適合的；和藹可親的
warm使…興奮；使…溫暖；使…感興趣
accessible易接近的；可進入的；可理解的
genial親切的，友好的；和藹的；適宜的
stimulant激勵的；使人興奮的
accommodating容納；為……提供住宿；使適應；調節（accommodate 的現在分詞）
wholehearted一心一意的
neighborly睦鄰的；友好的；鄰居似的
Cork
cork
noun
UK
/kɔːk/ US
/kɔːrk/
[ U ]
the light, soft bark (= outer covering) of a Mediterranean tree
（産於地中海的）軟木橡樹皮
[ C ]
a short, cylinder-shaped piece of cork, plastic, or rubber that is put into the top of a bottle, especially a wine bottle, to close it
（尤指酒瓶的）軟木瓶塞
I can't get the cork out of the bottle - can you try?我拔不出瓶塞——你來試試？
cork
verb [ T ]
UK
/kɔːk/ US
/kɔːrk/
to close a bottle by putting a cork in it
用瓶塞塞住
I'll cork the bottle and we can drink the rest later.我要塞上瓶塞了，剩下的以後再喝。
Cooperate
vi.
不及物動詞
- 1.合作，協作[（+with/in）][+to-v]Let's all cooperate to get the work done quickly. 讓我們一起同心協力把這工作快點做完。They would not cooperate with him. 他們不願與他合作。
- 2.（事物）配合[+to-v]
Corporation
n.[C]
可數名詞
- 1.法人；社團法人
- 2.【美】股份（有限）公司He landed a job in a large American corporation. 他在一家美國大公司謀得一職。
- 3.【英】市政府
=================================================
Corps
corps
noun [ C, + sing/pl verb ]
UK
/kɔːr/ US
/kɔːr/
plural corps
corps noun [C, + sing/pl verb] (MILITARY UNIT)
a military unit trained to perform particular duties
特種部隊；特殊兵種；軍（團）
corpse
corpse
noun [ C ]
UK
/kɔːps/ US
/kɔːrps/
C2
a dead body, usually of a person
（通常指人的）屍體
========================================
corridor
corridor
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈkɒr.ɪ.dɔːr/ US /ˈkɔːr.ə.dɚ/
corridor noun [C] (PASSAGE)
B2
a long passage in a building or train, especially with rooms on either side
（尤指兩邊是房間的）走廊，通道，過道
Her office is at the end of the corridor.她的辦公室在走廊盡頭。
the corridors of power
權力走廊(政府及行政部門進行重要決策的較高階層
河西走廊
corridor、hallway 和 gallery 这三个名词都有“走廊、过道”的意思，也就是连接各个房间的区域。但是在不同的建筑和建筑的不同区域里，它们所指的“走廊”是有区别的。
我们先来看一下 corridor 和 hallway 这两个单词，它们在日常生活中出现的频率比较高，一般人们说到“走廊、过道”时，几乎都要用到它们。因此，知道它们的区别和如何使用就变得非常有实用意义。
Corridor 一般指建筑里“一段长的通道、走廊、过道或楼道，两侧或一侧有门可以进其它房间”。比如在办公大楼里，走廊通常都比较长，隔一段距离就有一扇门，可以进入各个办公室，这种两边都有房间的“长走廊”就被称为“corridor”。像酒店、学生宿舍都有不少这样的“长走廊”。
hallway 这个词，它指“刚进大门的区域”，也就是通常所说的“门厅”。许多家庭住宅的门厅设计是进大门后，有一个比较宽敞的空间，通过它可以进到其它房间，比如客厅，餐厅或者上楼梯，这个空间就是“hallway”
gallery 在作为“走廊”时的含义。在一些富丽堂皇的大型官邸 “stately homes”或者宫殿“palaces”里，有宽敞的、半开放式的通道或长廊，也可以是柱廊 “colonnade” 的一部分，而且这里的墙上大多都会挂着一些艺术作品或收藏品作为装饰，这种长廊被称为“gallery”。畫廊
gallery 还可以指“剧院或音乐厅里最高一层的观众席”，由于离舞台最远，所以通常票价是全场最便宜的。
=====================================================================
Corrupt
corrupt adjective (ON COMPUTER)
When information on a computer becomes corrupt, it cannot be used because it has changed and become wrong.
（電腦上的資訊）被破壞的，有錯誤的
corrupt data損壞的資料
a corrupt file被破壞的文檔
corrupt
verb [ T ]
UK /kəˈrʌpt/ US /kəˈrʌpt/
corrupt verb [T] (MAKE BAD)
C1
to make someone or something become dishonest or immoral
腐蝕…；使腐化墮落；使道德敗壞
The study claimed that violence on television corrupts the minds of children.研究稱電視上的暴力鏡頭腐蝕了孩子們的思想。
corrupt verb [T] (ON COMPUTER)
to change information on a computer so that it is wrong and cannot be used
損壞，破壞（電腦上的資料）
Most of the data on the hard drive was corrupted when the power went out.硬碟上的大多數資料在停電時損壞了。
corruption
corruption noun (ON COMPUTER)
[ U ]
the fact of information on a computer being changed so that it is wrong and cannot be used
（電腦上資料的）破壞，損壞
data corruption資料毀損
adj.
形容詞
The corrupt judge dismissed the case without a hearing. 腐敗的法官沒有聽審就駁回了這個案子。
- 2.墮落的，邪惡的He led a corrupt life. 他過著墮落的生活。
- 3.（語言，版本等）訛誤的，走樣的The islanders here speak a corrupt form of French. 這兒的島民講一種不標準的法語。
vt.
及物動詞
- 1.使腐敗，使墮落；賄賂，收買It was power that corrupted him. 是權力腐蝕了他。
- 2.訛用（詞語）；篡改（原稿）He copied the text carelessly so that it was corrupted. 他抄寫原文時很粗心，以致出現訛誤。
vi.
不及物動詞
- 1.墮落；腐化Complete power corrupts completely. 絕對的權力造成絕對的腐敗。
- 2.腐壞，腐爛
===================================================================
Cosmopolitan 雜誌 雞尾酒名
cosmopolitan
adjective
usually approving
UK
/ˌkɒz.məˈpɒl.ɪ.tən/ US
/ˌkɑːz.məˈpɑː.lɪ.t̬ən/
C1
containing or having experience of people and things from many different parts of the world
來自世界各地的；國際大都會的；世界性的
New York is a highly cosmopolitan city.紐約是個國際化程度很高的大都市。
cosmopolitan
noun [ C ]
usually approving
UK
/ˌkɒz.məˈpɒl.ɪ.tən/ US
/ˌkɑːz.məˈpɑː.lɪ.t̬ən/
someone who has experience of many different parts of the world
四海為家的人；周遊世界的人
Lisa is a real cosmopolitan.莉薩真是見多識廣。
Costume
costume
noun
UK
/ˈkɒs.tʃuːm/ US
/ˈkɑː.stuːm/
B2 [ C or U ]
the set of clothes typical of a particular country or period of history, or suitable for a particular activity
（某國或某一歷史時期或適合某種活動的）服裝
Singers performing Mozart's operas often dress in/wear historical costume.歌手們經常穿古裝出演莫札特的歌劇。
The dancers leading the procession were in colourful and elaborate costumes.走在隊伍前頭的舞蹈演員身著色彩絢麗、製作考究的服裝。
UK The shop has a good selection of bikinis and bathing/swimming costumes.該店有很多漂亮的比堅尼和其他泳裝可供選購。
B2 [ C ]
(UK also fancy-dress costume)
a set of clothes worn in order to look like someone or something else, especially for a party or as part of an entertainment
（尤指派對或娛樂活動中穿的）化裝服
Our host was wearing a clown costume.我們的主人穿著小丑服。
The children were dressed in Halloween costumes.孩子們都是萬聖節打扮。
custom
noun
UK
/ˈkʌs.təm/ US /ˈkʌs.təm/
custom noun (USUAL WAY)
B1 [ C or U ]
a way of behaving or a belief that has been established for a long time
風俗，習俗；傳統
a local/ancient custom當地的／古老的風俗
[ + to infinitive ] In my country, it's the custom (for women) to get married in white.在我國，女子結婚穿白衣是一種習俗。
[ S ]
something you usually do
習慣；慣例
He left the house at nine exactly, as is his custom.他九點準時離開了家，這是他的習慣。
accustomed
adjective
UK
/əˈkʌs.təmd/ US
/əˈkʌs.təmd/
C1
familiar with something
習慣的；適應了的
She quickly became accustomed to his messy ways.她很快就習慣了他的邋遢作風。
I'm not accustomed to being treated like this.我不習慣別人這樣待我。
formal
usual
一貫的；慣常的
She performed the task with her accustomed ease.她以一貫的輕鬆自如完成了任務。
============================================================
cottage
cottage
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈkɒt.ɪdʒ/ US /ˈkɑː.t̬ɪdʒ/
B1
a small house, usually in the countryside
（通常指鄉村中的）鄉間別墅 小屋，村舍
cottage（複數 cottages）
- 小屋，小房子
近義詞： cot、hut
- 鄉間別墅 引文 ▼
Most cottages in the area were larger and more elaborate than my home.
這一帶的多數鄉間別墅比我家更大更精緻。
- (英國, 俚語, 古舊) 公廁
近義詞： 參見Thesaurus:bathroom
- (Polari) 男同性戀聚集處
近義詞： gingerbread office、tea room、tearoom、teahouse、(US) tea house
=============================================
Counsel
n.
名詞
- 1.商議，審議[U]She took counsel with her lawyer. 她與她的律師商量。
- 2.忠告，勸告[U]He followed my counsel. 他聽取了我的忠告。
- 3.計畫，決策The counsel to build a new airport was approved. 新建一個機場的計畫獲得批准。
- 4.律師，辯護人[C][M][J]
vt.
及物動詞
- 1.勸告，忠告；提議[（+on）][O2]His job is to counsel students on how to choose a career. 他的工作是輔導學生就業。
vi.
不及物動詞
- 1.商議，勸告She counseled with her husband about the problem. 她同丈夫商量了這個問題。
counsel
verb [ T ]
UK
/ˈkaʊn.səl/ US
/ˈkaʊn.səl/
-ll- or US usually -l-
to give advice, especially on social or personal problems
（尤指對社會或個人問題）建議，勸告，忠告
The police have provided experts to counsel local people affected by the tragedy.警方請來專家對受該慘案影響的當地居民提供諮詢服務。
My job involves counselling unemployed people on/about how to find work.我的工作是向失業者提供就業諮詢。
counsel
noun
UK
/ˈkaʊn.səl/ US
/ˈkaʊn.səl/
[ U ] formal
advice
建議；勸告；忠告
I should have listened to my father's wise counsel, and saved some money instead of spending it all.我本該聽從父親的明智忠告，把錢省下一些而不是揮霍一空。
Council vs. Counsel
A COUNCIL refers to a group of people that comes together to consult, give advice on, or deliberate a certain matter. On the other hand, COUNSEL usually means an advice or instruction.
While council can only be a noun, counsel can be both a noun and a verb. Counsel also has a number of different meanings: apart from the most common one mentioned above, it can also refer to an opinion about something or, in law, to an advocate. “To counsel” as a verb means “to advise“.
When to Use Counsel vs. Council
“Jeremy didn’t listen to his parents’ council/ counsel and watched TV instead of studying for the test”. Which is the correct word to use? In this sentence, we need a word that would mean “advice”. Therefore, here, we need the word counsel.
What about the following sentence: “The city council/ counsel will discuss the plans for the Christmas celebrations next week”? Because the sentence is talking about a group of people who’re going to deliberate a matter, the word council would be correct to use.
Finally, which word should be used in the sentence, “They council/ counsel me to leave college and pursue my dreams”? Here, we need a verb. Out of the two available options, only counsel can be a verb, so this is the word you’re looking for.
To never get confused with these two words again, remember that you can approach a council, so it can give you some counsel.
Council vs. Counsel Examples
- The council tax replaces the poll tax next April.
- The council seems likely to overspend this year.
- I received £500 from the local council in recompense for the damage to my garden.
- The council must make economies to meet government spending targets.
- The party is expecting to gain control of the council in the next election.
- He is there to give you counsel on all matters.
- He assisted me with good counsel and encouragement.
- I was grateful for her wise counsel.
- Therapists were brought in to counsel the bereaved.
- I would counsel you to say nothing about the affair.
counselor
n.[C]
可數名詞
- 1.顧問，參事[（+to）]a counselor to the ambassador 大使顧問
- 2.（協助學生解決問題的）指導老師
- 3.【律】律師
- 4.（使館等的）參贊；法律顧問a commercial counselor 商務參贊
- 5.（兒童夏令營）管理員
guidance counselor
noun [ C ]
US
UK
/ˈɡaɪ.dəns ˌkaʊn.səl.ər/ US
/ˈɡaɪ.dəns ˌkaʊn.səl.ɚ/
someone whose job is to help people choose a job or career
就業顧問，工作諮詢顧問
========================================================
Counter
counter
noun [ C ]
UK
/ˈkaʊn.tər/ US
/ˈkaʊn.t̬ɚ/
counter noun [C] (SURFACE)
B2
a long, flat, narrow surface or table in a shop, bank, restaurant, etc. at which people are served
櫃枱
There was nobody behind/on the counter when I went into the bank, and I had to wait to be served.我進銀行時櫃枱後沒人，我只得等候有人出來服務。
You will find sausages on the meat counter/rolls on the bread counter.你會在肉櫃枱找到香腸／在麵包櫃枱找到麵包捲。
mainly US
(UK usually worktop, work surface)
a kitchen counter
（廚房）操作枱，料理枱
We stacked the dirty plates on the kitchen counter.我們把髒碟子堆放在廚房的料理枱上。
减少例句
counter noun [C] (OBJECT IN GAME)
C2
(US also piece)
a small object used to mark someone's place in some games played on boards
（遊戲）籌碼
counter noun [C] (DOING COUNTING)
a person or machine that counts
計數的人；計數器
也請參見
Geiger counter
習語
over the counter
under the counter
counter
verb [ I or T ]
UK
/ˈkaʊn.tər/ US
/ˈkaʊn.t̬ɚ/
to react to something with an opposing opinion or action, or to defend yourself against something
反駁；反對；對抗
After the government bombed their camp, the rebels countered with an attack on the capital.政府轟炸了叛軍的營地之後，叛軍襲擊首都作為還擊。
When criticisms were made of the school's performance, the parents' group countered with details of its exam results.當有人對學校的表現提出批評時，家長會舉出具體的考試成績予以反駁。
Extra police have been moved into the area to counter the risk of violence.加派了員警進駐該地區以鎮壓可能出現的暴力事件。
counter
adverb
UK
/ˈkaʊn.tər/ US
/ˈkaʊn.t̬ɚ/
C2
in a way that opposes something
相反地；對立地
Bob's decision not to take the job ran counter to his family's expectations.鮑勃不接受這份工作的決定與其家人的期望相悖。
counter-
prefix
UK
/kaʊn.tər-/ US
/kaʊn.t̬ɚ-/
opposing or as a reaction to something
反，逆
a counterattack (= an attack on someone who has attacked you)反擊；反攻
Counterclockwise
counterpart
n.[C]
可數名詞
- 1.極相像的人（或物）The two cars are exact counterparts in make, model and color. 這兩輛汽車的式樣、型號和顏色完全一樣。
- 2.互為補充的人（或物）；對應的人（或物），配對物The U.S. Congress is the counterpart of the British Parliament. 美國的國會相當於英國的議會。
- 3.（契約等的）副本，複本
a person or thing that has the same purpose as another one in a different place or organization
（與不同地方或組織的人或物）作用相同者，相對應者
The prime minister is to meet his European counterparts to discuss the war against drugs.首相將會見歐洲各國首腦就打擊毒品犯罪進行商討。
========================================
Courteous
courteous
adjective
UK /ˈkɜː.ti.əs/ US /ˈkɝː.t̬i.əs/
C2
polite and showing respect
有禮貌的；謙恭有禮的
Although she often disagreed with me, she was always courteous.儘管她常常和我意見不一致，卻總是客氣有禮。
Courtesy polite propriety
courteous words 謙詞
to be courteous to or towards sb. 對某人彬彬有禮
禮貌英文
生活中常常會遇到一些有禮貌的人，感受到自己被有禮地尊重是件高興、溫暖的事，但你卻還不知道 禮貌英文 怎麼說嗎？無所不在、卻被忽略的禮貌英文趕快學起來！
Courtesy
謙恭有禮的舉止，禮貌；禮節；客氣話
You might get along better with your parents if you showed them some courtesy.
要是你對父母禮貌些，或許會和他們相處得好一些。
He replied sharply, and without his wonted courtesy.
他一改往日的謙恭有禮，作了尖銳的回答。
Manners
風度；禮貌；禮儀
It’s bad manners to eat with your mouth open.
張著嘴吃東西是沒禮貌的。
It’s considered good manners in some societies to leave a little food on your plate.
在某些社會中，人們認為在碟中剩下少許食物是禮貌的表現。
She chided him for his bad manners.
她訓斥他沒有禮貌。
Polite
有禮貌的
She’s usually quite polite in my presence.
在我面前她通常很有禮貌。
I’m afraid I wasn’t very polite to her.
恐怕那時我對她有點不禮貌。
He was unusually polite.
他異乎尋常地禮貌。
Civility
禮貌，客氣（的言語）
She greeted them with civility, but not much warmth.
她客氣地跟他們打招呼，可是不大熱情。
沒禮貌英文
學完 禮貌英文 ，接下來就是 沒禮貌英文 啦！偷偷爆料小編平常搭大眾運輸的時候，超常被插隊的！氣氣氣氣氣！白眼都翻到後腦勺了！這種時候，如何表達他人 沒禮貌英文 怎麼說就能馬上派上用場了！
Rude
不禮貌的；粗魯的，粗野的；討厭的
It’s rude not to say “Thank you” when you are given something.
別人給你東西，你不說「謝謝」是不禮貌的。
Impolite
不禮貌的，粗魯的
＊Impolite language/ behaviour 粗魯的語言／行為
It is impolite to point at people.
用手指著人是不禮貌的。
No manners / bad manners
無禮；失禮
He’s got no manners – he’s rude to everyone.
他這人很無禮——他對誰都很粗魯。
實用情境句－被插隊、插嘴的時候 向他人抱怨專用
”She’s got no manners – when the doors opened she barged her way to the front of the queue.”
她很沒禮貌——門一開她就衝到了隊伍前面。
”It makes me mad when someone impolitely cut in line.”
有人沒禮貌插隊的話我就會很生氣。
‘I was just talking to Dave, when Jan cut in (on us/our conversation). She rudely interrupted my speech.”
我正在跟戴夫說話，簡插了進來。她很沒禮貌地打斷我的談話。
I am being polite. 什麼？其實很「 沒禮貌 」？
I am being polite. 這句話表示的是，只是出於禮貌，而非真心的釋出友好善意。如果有人這麼對你說！可別覺得對方很友善，他只是基於禮貌才這麼說的，有時候這麼對他人講，其實是會讓人很尷尬、失禮的阿！在電影 The Social Network 《社群網戰》中女主就曾經用這句話狠狠地打臉男主角。
===============================================
Covet
verb [ T ] formal
UK /ˈkʌv.ɪt/ US /ˈkʌv.ət/
vt.
及物動詞
- 1.垂涎；貪圖；渴望He won the coveted position.
他得到了人人都嚮往的職位。
vi.
不及物動詞
]covet after wealth 貪圖財富
相似詞
envy嫉妒，妒忌；羨慕
crave渴望；懇求
lust貪求，渴望
want需要；缺少
crave渴望；懇求
want需要；缺少
desire
lust貪求，渴望
languish憔悴；凋萎；失去活力；苦思
envy嫉妒，妒忌；羨慕
ambition追求；有…野心
Cowardly
相似詞
timorous膽怯的；膽小的；羞怯的
chicken雞肉的；膽怯的；幼小的
shrinking縮水，收縮；變小，縮小；萎縮；退縮；回避，離開（shrink 的現在分詞）
lily-livered膽怯的
babyish幼稚的；愚蠢的；適於嬰兒的
fearful可怕的；擔心的；嚴重的
unmanly怯懦的；無男子氣概的；女子氣的；嬌氣的
gutless無膽量的；沒勇氣的；沒有生氣的
spineless沒有骨氣的；無脊椎的；懦弱的
timid膽小的；羞怯的
white-livered懦弱的；膽小的；蒼白的
pusillanimous膽怯的；懦弱的；優柔寡斷的
mousy膽小如鼠的；灰褐色的；像老鼠的
frightened害怕；使吃驚；嚇走（frighten的過去分詞）
recreant膽小的；怯懦的；不忠的
dastardly卑鄙的；懦弱的
faint-hearted怯懦的；膽怯的
afraid害怕的；恐怕；擔心的
wimpy懦弱的；無用的
Cozy
n. （茶壺的）保溫罩；（角落里的）帶蓬雙人座
adj. 舒適的，溫暖的；友好的，親密無間的；密切的，互相勾結的；輕易得到的（但不一定是恰當的）；不提出（或不接受）挑戰的
v. （非正式）使感到舒適，使得意
