Meet the rare Pinus torreyana (Torrey Pine)
What does Torrey Pine look like? Never heard of it before my visit to Torrey Pines State Reserve in San Diego , b/t La Jolla and Del Mar.
我不知道 Torrey Pine 中文要如何翻譯, 就直接用英文啦! 我去的州立公園在聖地牙哥市郊, 緊鄰著太平洋.
”Pinus torreyana,” the rarest pine in the U.S., once covered a larger area but it only grows now in this Reserve and on Santa Rosa Island (said to be subspecies, 170 miles to the northwest) off the coast near Santa Barbara. (I think I may visit Santa Barbara sometime???)
目前 Torrey Pines 只生長於此處及 Santa Rosa Island. 早期西班牙探險隊把這兒叫做 Punto de Los Arboles (有樹之處). 1769 年, the Portola-Serra Sacred 探險隊稱它作 Soledad Pines (孤獨的樹)
Early Sapnish explores referred to this area as Punto de Los Arboles (meaning Wooded Point / Point of Trees). In 1769, the Portola-Serra Sacred Expedition called them Soledad Pines (Solitary Pines); name remained until 1850.
樹一直孤獨到1850年, 有位 Charles Christopher Parry 博士到此研究, 發現此松, 便以他朋友John Torrey 博土為名, 正式命名為 Torrey Pine, 只是 Torrey 博土從未曾到此, 不過Parry 博士有寄樣本給他 (1850 年也是加州正式成為聯邦政府一州)
How did the pine get its name Torrey? Modern account says the tree was officially discovered by Dr. Charles Christopher Parry in 1850 - the year CA became a state of the US. Parry named these trees after his friend and colleague, Dr. John Torrey (a ldeading botanist of his time), but Dr. Torrey never came here.
* They can grow to about 60’ high, 30” in diameter and live around 150 years. What amazes me is that a 40’ tree and have feeder roots reaching out 200’ . . . wow - root is important
Torrey Pine 可長到 60 呎高, 30 吋寬, 活到 150 歲; 40 呎高的松樹, 根可長達 200 呎, 真驚人. 果然根為一切之本
In 1883, Parry revisited this area and was surprised by the lack of protection for the trees. He wrote to San Diego Society of Natural History to emphasize the need to protect these trees. Finally in 1899, the City Council passed an ordinance to set aside 364 acres of pueblo lands as a public park.
1883 年, Parry 博士再次到此, 發現松樹並沒受到保護, 他寫給 San Diego Society of Natural History, 強調保育的重要; 終於在 1899 年, 市政府規劃一區為公立公園
B/t 1908 and 1911, newspaper woman/philanthropist, Ellen Browning Scripps acquired 2 additional pueblo lots and willed them to the people of San Diego. By the time she died in 1932, she had contributed greately not only to the establishment of the park, but also to Natural History Museum, the Zoo, the La Jolla Children’s Pool, the Scripps Clinic and Research facility. I wish I will be the one who gives . . .
1908 到 1911 之間, Ellen Browning Scripps 致力於此區的保育; 她是位慈善家, 在她 1932 年辭世前, 她曾捐款給許多聖地牙哥機構, 包括自然歷史博物館, 動物園等等. 我希望以後也可以成為像她這樣的捐款人
In 1921, Miss Scripps and the City Park Commission appointed Guy Fleming as the 1st custodian of the park - there is a trail named after Fleming. In 1956, a city election resulted in giving the nearly 1000-acre park to the State of CA and it became official in 1959.
1921 年, Guy Fleming 受雇來好好得照顧公園, 有一條步道是以他為名. 經過一番波折, 這裡終於在 1959 年成為州立保留區
* According to the brochure, the needles are usually bunched in groups of 5 and about 8 to 10” long.
* The roots follow any crack in the rock and cause soil erosion. If the fissure is near a cliff, the root system flakes off the edge and causes a landslide - a slide can cause an Torrey pine upside-down. Sometimes the tree remains alive for many years.
只要石頭中有縫, 根就會躦, 如果正好靠近崖邊, 就有可能土石剝落, 有時樹會傾倒, 頭往下長; 即使如此, 它們還可活好幾年, 真是生命力旺盛
Honestly, I don’t study plants and all the pines look similar to me. However, I am so impressed by how it can survive like this . . .
There are 8 miles of trails in total. Cutting across b/t trails and climbing cliffs can cause damage to the environment. Actually, I saw the sign that indicates there is snake around. Thanks, I think I will just stay on trail.
保留區有多條步道, 如果不在指定的步道上走, 很容易造成環境破壞. 我看到標示說有蛇出沒, 我還是乖乖得, 小心得走在步道上就好了
* The 4 circles (plus Yucca Point) were the places where I passed or walked on this trip - I intend to hike on all of them if I ever visit next time - that is, I am well prepared, have a good pair of shoes, plenty of water, not too strong sunlight but sunny (good for photo taking), not too windy, someone who can take photos of me, whales around . . . (is that too much to ask?)
圖上 4 白圈及Yucca Point 是我這次留下足跡處, 下次有備而來, 再好好得走一回
* This is Red Butte / 牛山濯濯
”Lindavista Formation” is the hard red rock on top of the flat areas in the Reserve; it resists erosion more than the Torrey Sandstone under it, so it acts as a cap rock. Red Butte is a small remaining piece of the Lindavista that had connected w/ the layer that the Lodge ( now Visitor Center) sits on.
這兒叫 Red Butte , 其地質名稱是 Lindavista Formation, 它下面是較軟的 Torrey Sandstone, 它像是一頂紅帽子, 可我可真不會翻譯了; 有學過地質的人可以給點指示 . . .
(to be continued / 待續)
* If you don’t read Chinese but would like to give me a comment, please type in the box below and click the icon that reads “PChome.” Many thanks.
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