https://www.oprahdaily.com/entertainment/books/g43431705/best-books-on-grief/
表示心情不好的名詞
Slump 本身有「摔落，突然下跌」的意思，然而當用來表示情緒時，則是形容低潮的意思。
一想到憂鬱，我們便會很直觀的聯想到 depression ，這個單字本身含意就代表了「憂鬱，沮喪」，形容詞用法則為 depressed。視情況不同 depression 也有不同的含意，比方在經濟方面代表蕭條；而在醫學方面， depression 則是現代人常見的「憂鬱症」。此外，除了 depression 以外， melancholy 也會跟憂鬱產生連結。Melancholy 除了作名詞也能作為形容詞，代表「憂鬱，憂傷（的） 」。
I was overwhelmed with depression.
我萬念俱灰。
Depression 名詞
noun /dɪˈpreʃ.ən/
depression noun (UNHAPPINESS)
B2 [ U ]
the state of feeling very unhappy and without hope for the future
憂鬱，抑鬱；消沉，沮喪
I was overwhelmed by feelings of depression.我萬念俱灰。
B2 [ C or U ]
a mental illness in which a person is very unhappy and anxious (= worried and nervous) for long periods and cannot have a normal life during these periods
憂鬱症
Tiredness, loss of appetite, and sleeping problems are all classic symptoms of depression.乏力、沒有食慾和失眠都是憂鬱症的典型症狀。
If you suffer from depression, it's best to get professional help.如果你患有憂鬱症，最好向專業人士求助。
名詞
- 1.沮喪，意氣消沉[C][U]The trip to the seashore brought her out of her depression. 到海邊旅行使她不再抑鬱。
- 2.不景氣，蕭條（期）[C]He lost his job during the great depression. 他在大蕭條時期失業了。
- 3.凹地，漥地[C]Water filled the depressions in the ground. 地上的坑裡積滿了水。
- 4.【氣】低氣壓[C]A depression usually brings bad weather. 低氣壓往往帶來壞天氣。
- 5.壓低；降低，下沉[U][C]
n. 沮喪，蕭條停滯（期） 形容人或國家市場
· recession
· , decline
· , slump
· , bad times
· , hard times
· , slowdown
· , dullness
· , stagnation
· , paralysis
· , stagflation
depression is an illness like heart disease or cancer.
抑郁是種病，就像是心臟病或癌癥一樣。
many people associate dark clouds with depression and gloom.
許多人把烏云與沮喪、陰郁聯系起來。
depression lowers the human ability to cope with disease.
抑郁癥會降低人體對疾病的抵抗力。
but not all people with depression have these genes, and not all people with these genes have depression.
但是并非所有的抑郁癥的人都有這些基因，也不是所有有這些基因的人患抑郁癥。
she had no family history of depression or anxiety.
她的家族史上沒有抑郁癥或焦慮癥病人。
freedom from the depression was, and still is, like a light switch being turned on in my head.
從抑郁中生出的自由過去是、現在也是像我腦中的一個被打開的電燈開關。
an observant doctor can often detect depression from expression, posture, and movement.
善於觀察的醫生常常能從人的表情、姿勢以及動作診察出抑郁癥。
more than once, depression drove him to attempt suicide.
抑郁癥使他不止一次地企圖自殺。
but he also suffered from depression all his life. doctors at that time called it melancholia.
但他一生都遭受抑郁的折磨，那時醫生將這種病稱之為精神憂郁癥。
the stock market called every depression and recovery since 1930.
自從1930年以來，股票市場預示了每次的經濟蕭條和復元。
the causes of depression can be many and widespread. but one cause many of us have to cope with is work.
導致抑郁癥的原因可能有很多種并且相當廣泛，但其中之一我們不得不應對的就是工作。
depression is not sadness.
抑郁并不是悲傷。
yet experts say the result of these reactions can be depression and other emotional problems.
然而，專家說這些反應的結果可以導致抑郁和其他情感問題。
rather than compare the rate of depression and migraine of the relatives to those of the general population, the study compared rates within this isolated population itself.
這項研究沒有將這些親戚的抑郁癥和偏頭痛發病率與普通人群相比較，而是在這個隔離的人群內進行比較。
lack of exercise can lead to feelings of depression and exhaustion.
缺乏鍛煉會導致抑郁和疲勞。
in my next entry, i'll tell you more about how depression affects me.
在下一章，我就告訴你更多關於抑郁是如何影響我的事情。
it would have been like telling someone with depression to cheer up, or someone with anxiety to stop worrying.
這可能有點像讓患有抑郁癥的人振奮起來，或者是讓有焦慮癥的人停止擔心。
an awful lot of people with depression suffer unnecessarily because of a fear of using medication, but it can be very effective.
一個可怕的抑郁癥的人很多遭受不必要的，因為使用藥物的恐懼，但它可以是非常有效的。
during a depression money circulates slowly.
在商業蕭條時期，貨幣流通滯緩。
i’ll tell you later about what it means for me, as well as how depression and mania affect me.
我將在后文中告訴你它對於我的意義以及抑郁和躁狂是如何影響我的。
sadness
noun [ C or U ]
UK
/ˈsæd.nəs/ US
/ˈsæd.nəs/
sadness noun [C or U] (FEELING)
B2
the feeling of being unhappy, especially because something bad has happened
悲傷
Her sadness at her grandfather's death was obvious.她因祖父去世而顯然感到悲傷。
sadness noun [C or U] (BAD THING)
something that is not satisfactory or pleasant and makes you feel shocked or angry
遺憾，不快，悲哀
One of the sadnesses of the current situation is the number of young people growing up without hope.當前形勢的悲哀之一是許多年輕人在成長過程中看不到希望。
相似詞
sorrow懊悔；遺憾；感到悲傷
depression沮喪；憂愁；抑郁癥；洼地；不景氣；低氣壓區
gloom昏暗；陰暗
despair絕望，喪失信心
melancholy憂郁；悲哀；愁思
oppression壓抑；鎮壓；壓迫手段；沉悶；苦惱
grief悲痛；憂傷；不幸
great sadness emanated from her song.
她的歌曲流露出巨大的憂傷之情。
he writes about breakups and sadness and fear of death, but unlike so many other weary chroniclers, he is a romantic not a cynic.
他的作曲有關分手、悲傷、對死亡的恐懼，但是不像其他那么多令人生厭的記錄者，他很浪漫而不憤世嫉俗。
sadness and irritability can occur at any age from infancy to very old age.
悲傷和易怒可能出現在任何年齡層，從嬰兒到白發蒼蒼的老人。
sadness and pain.
悲傷和痛苦。
· it takes me away and all my sadness ...
它帶走我和我所有的悲傷。
· researchers are using the tool to study not just what sadness is, but how it makes us behave.
研究者不僅用這種工具來研究什么是悲傷，也研究它怎樣影響我們的行為。
· she was melancholy with an obscure sadness of which she did not herself know the secret.
她只是感到憂傷，一種沒有來由的憂傷，她自己也不知道原因何在。
· it also told some fundamental truths and there was a bit of sadness in it, too.
這部動畫還講述了一些基本的真理，也有一點點的憂傷在里面。
distress
noun [ U ]
UK
/dɪˈstres/ US
/dɪˈstres/
C1
a feeling of extreme worry, sadness, or pain
憂慮；悲傷；痛苦
She claimed that the way she had been treated at work had caused her extreme emotional and psychological distress.她說自己在工作中受到的待遇讓她在情感和心理上都感到非常痛苦。
Many of the horses were showing signs of distress at the end of the race.比賽接近尾聲時，許多馬匹都表現出非常痛苦的樣子。
C2
a situation in which you are suffering or are in great danger and therefore in urgent need of help
受苦；遇難；遇險
Six people were rescued by helicopter from a fishing boat in distress off the coast.直升機從海岸附近的一艘遇險漁船上救出了六個人。
a distress signal求救信號
减少例句
不可數名詞
- 1.悲痛，苦惱，憂傷[U]Arthur's visits caused him more distress than pleasure. 亞瑟的來訪給他帶來更多的痛苦，而不是愉快。
- 2.貧困，窮苦[U]The widow was in distress. 那個寡婦十分貧困。
- 3.危難，不幸[U]The lifeboat went out to a ship in distress. 救生艇駛向遇險船隻。
- 4.引起痛苦或悲痛的事物[S]The girl's indiscreet behavior was a distress to her parents. 那女孩行為不檢，使她父母十分痛苦。
相似詞
disturb打擾；妨礙
pain疼痛；努力
upset混亂；翻倒；顛覆
afflict折磨；使痛苦；使苦惱
agonize使極度痛苦；折磨
afflict折磨；使痛苦；使苦惱
torment折磨，使痛苦；糾纏，作弄；騷擾，捉弄，戲弄
trouble麻煩；煩惱；故障；動亂
perturb擾亂；使…混亂；使…心緒不寧
misfortune不幸；災禍，災難
agonize使極度痛苦；折磨
discomfort使……不舒服；使……不安
adversity逆境；不幸；災難；災禍
persecution迫害；煩擾
anguish使極度痛苦
disturb打擾；妨礙
upset混亂；翻倒；顛覆
torture折磨；拷問；歪曲
bother麻煩；煩惱
agony苦惱；極大的痛苦；臨死的掙扎
rankle使怨恨；使疼痛；使痛苦
pain疼痛；努力
grief悲痛；憂傷；不幸
oppression壓抑；鎮壓；壓迫手段；沉悶；苦惱
gloom昏暗；陰暗
poverty貧困；困難；缺少；低劣
suspense懸念；懸疑；焦慮；懸而不決
disappointment
noun
UK
/ˌdɪs.əˈpɔɪnt.mənt/ US
/ˌdɪs.əˈpɔɪnt.mənt/
B1 [ U ]
the feeling of being disappointed
失望，沮喪
Get tickets early to avoid disappointment.早點預訂以免撲空。
To my (great) disappointment (= sadness), he decided to leave.令我（非常）沮喪的是，他決定離開。
B1 [ C usually singular ]
something or someone that is not what you were hoping it would be
令人失望的人（或事物）
The party turned out to be a huge disappointment.派對辦得令人大失所望。
I always felt I was a disappointment to my parents.我總是覺得自己是一個讓父母失望的孩子。
n. 失意，挫傷
· nonfulfillment
· , nonsuccess
· , failure
· , thwarting
· , setback
· , abortion
· , unfulfillment
· , washout
n. 掃興，沮喪
· letdown
· , frustration
· , rue
· , sorrow
· , disillusionment
· , disenchantment
· , disatisfaction
· , bitter pill to swallow
· , bummer
· , rude awakening
· , blow
相似詞
frustration挫折
sorrow懊悔；遺憾；感到悲傷
rue懊惱，后悔；悲傷
letdown失望；松弛；減低
chagrin使…懊惱
displeasure不愉快；不滿意；悲傷
desolation
noun [ U ]
UK
/ˌdes.əlˈeɪ.ʃən/ US
/ˌdes.əlˈeɪ.ʃən/
desolation noun [U] (EMPTINESS)
the state of a place that is empty or where everything has been destroyed
荒蕪；荒廢；荒涼
a scene of desolation荒涼的景象
desolation noun [U] (SADNESS)
the state of feeling sad and alone
孤寂；傷心寂寞
a feeling of utter desolation萬分淒涼之感
相似詞
sorrow懊悔；遺憾；感到悲傷
depression沮喪；憂愁；抑郁癥；洼地；不景氣；低氣壓區
isolation隔離；孤立；[電] 絕緣；[化學] 離析
solitude孤獨；隱居；荒僻的地方
solitariness隱居；單獨
loneliness寂寞，孤獨
destruction破壞，毀滅；摧毀
ravage蹂躪，破壞
demolition拆除（等於demolishment）；破壞；毀壞
holocaust大屠殺；毀滅
ruination毀滅；禍根
havoc大破壞；浩劫；蹂躪
bleakness嚴寒；陰郁；蕭瑟凄涼；慘淡無望
dreariness凄涼；沉寂；可怕
gloominess黑暗；沮喪
emptiness空虛；無知
wilderness荒地；大量，茫茫一片
devastation毀壞，荒廢
nothingness虛無，不存在；空白；不存在的狀態
desertion遺棄；開小差；逃亡
相反詞
bliss使欣喜若狂
ecstasy狂喜；入迷；忘形
elation興高采烈，得意洋洋
euphoria（常指較短時間的）極度興奮，情緒高漲，狂喜
exhilaration興奮，歡欣
exuberance豐富，茂盛；健康；感情洋溢(或慷慨激昂)的言行；(感情等的)過度(或極度)表現
exultation狂喜；得意（等於exultance，exultancy）
gladness愉快，高興
happiness幸福
joy高興，使快樂
joyfulness快樂
joyousness高興；快樂
rapture使……狂喜；使……著迷；（基督再臨時）提送（信徒）升天
· perfect misanthropist「s heaven: and mr heathcliff and i are such a suitable pair to divide the desolation between us.
而希刺克厲夫和我正是分享這兒荒涼景色的如此合適的一對。
· from the geysers of dominica」s valley of desolation to the fairy chimneys of cappadocia, we showcase 10 of the world「s most bizarre landscapes.
從多米尼加荒涼谷的間歇泉出發駛至卡帕多西亞童話般的煙囪，世界向我們展示了自然10處最奇異的風景。
· it was tunneled right under the concourse, near mount eden, in some marvel of engineering, but it still cut the concourse in two and created desolation on both sides of its path.
公路隧道恰恰就打在大廣場街的地下，靠近伊甸山。盡管公路的工程設計非常巧妙，但仍然把大廣場街一分為二，而公路的兩邊也變得荒涼不堪。
· the suffering and desolation that he wrought was beyond human power or fortitude to compute.
他釀成的苦楚和憂傷是人類的力量和意志所無法估量的。
· blue sky and sunlight are more appropriate for the latter unless you want to show the desolation of a resort beach in winter.
藍天和陽光對於后者來說更加合適，除非你想表達冬日度假海灘的荒涼。
· the land enjoyed its sabbath rests; all the time of its desolation it rested, until the seventy years were completed in fulfillment of the word of the lord spoken by jeremiah.
這就應驗耶和華借耶利米口所說的話，地享受安息。 因為地土荒涼便守安息，直滿了七十年。
· i had reflected then that, whatever s cenes of desolation lay ahead of us, i never feared one more brutal than this, and i reflected now that it had no single happy memory for me.
那時我就想到，無論什么孤寂的情形發生在我們身上，我都不會像現在這么苦惱，而現在我明白了，我一段快活的回憶都是沒有的。
· and hazor shall be a dwelling for dragons, and a desolation for ever: there shall no man abide there, nor any son of man dwell in it.
夏瑣必成為野狗的住處，永遠凄涼。必無人住在那里，也無人在其中寄居。
· and the land shall tremble and sorrow: for every purpose of the lord shall be performed against babylon, to make the land of babylon a desolation without an inhabitant.
地必震動而瘠苦。 因耶和華向巴比倫所定的旨意成立了，使巴比倫之地荒涼，無人居住。
· yes, against the backdrop of desolation and desperation, the soldier does it with her.
是的，雖然凄涼和絕望，士兵還是和她在一起了。
· the session hall presents a scene of desolation with all the deputies」 seats, diplomats「, public, and press galleries destroyed, and all the iron pillars supporting the dome twisted out of shape.
火災后的會議大廳一片凄涼，所有的代表席、外交官席、公眾席和記者席全部被燒毀，支撐穹頂的鐵柱也已扭曲變形。
· a perfect misanthropist」s heaven: and mr. heathcliff and i are such a suitable pair to divide the desolation between us.
這里是隱居者的完美天堂，而分享這里的荒蕪，希斯克利夫先生和我是再好不過的一對了。
· 「you are honest and good, 」 ivetta had finally declared from her desolation at the edge of the bed.
「你很誠實，人也很好。」艾薇塔終於打破了悶坐在床邊的孤寂，開口說道。
n. 悲傷，憂傷
· anguish
· , misery
· , sorrow
· , sadness
· , woe
· , heartache
· , heartbreak
· , ache
· , hurt
· , pain
· , suffering
· , torture
· , torment
· , agony
· , mourning
· , wretchedness
· , desolation
· , despondency
· , dejection
· , despair
· , moroseness
· , melancholy
· , bereavement
n. 悲哀，後悔
· regret
· , rue
· , remorse
· , repentance
· , contrition
· , penitence
· , compunction
n. 苦惱，麻煩，困難
· distress
· , affliction
· , grievance
· , trouble
· , worry
· , vexation
· , predicament
· , difficulty
· , burden
· , load
· , albatross
· , onus
· , trial
· , travail
· , tribulation
· , curse
· , ordeal
· , infliction
n. 不幸，災難，痛苦
· misfortune
· , adversity
· , loss
· , mischance
· , mishap
· , hard luck
· , ill luck
· , bad luck
· , bad fortune
· , hard times
· , evil days
· , hardship
· , pinch
· , disaster
· , calamity
· , catastrophe
相似詞
misfortune不幸；災禍，災難
disaster災難，災禍；不幸
hardship困苦；苦難；艱難險阻
mishap災禍；不幸事故；晦氣
adversity逆境；不幸；災難；災禍
mischance不幸，不幸的事；災難
heartbreak心碎；傷心事
sadness悲哀；悲傷，悲痛；使人悲傷的事
despair絕望，喪失信心
dejection沮喪
suffering痛苦，苦難，折磨
agony苦惱；
melancholy憂郁；悲哀；愁思
wretchedness可憐；悲慘；不幸
torture折磨；拷問；歪曲
anguish使極度痛苦
moroseness陰郁；不高興
ache（持續的）疼痛；渴望；哀痛，憐憫；感到痛苦
despondency泄氣，意志消沉
bereavement喪友，喪親；喪失
torment折磨，使痛苦；糾纏，作弄；騷擾，捉弄，戲弄
desolation孤寂；悲哀，憂傷；荒蕪，荒涼；廢墟；凄涼
rue懊惱，后悔；悲傷
tribulation苦難；磨難；憂患
affliction苦難；苦惱；折磨
grievance不滿，不平；委屈；冤情
predicament窘況，困境；狀態
infliction施加；處罰，刑罰
load負載，負荷；工作量；裝載量
distress使悲痛；使貧困
difficulty困難，困境
vexation苦惱；惱怒；令人煩惱的事
ordeal折磨；嚴酷的考驗；痛苦的經驗
oppression壓抑；鎮壓；壓迫手段；沉悶；苦惱
相反詞
delight高興
joy高興，使快樂
comfort安慰；使（痛苦等）緩和
mirth歡笑；歡樂；高興
delight高興
joy高興，使快樂
英漢例句
· as you work with forgiving each individual, visualize the person floating up to the sky and out into eternity as your pain and grief float away with each person you release.
正如你正在進行的原諒每一個人的工作，想象那個人懸浮在空中，飛向永恒，正如你的疼痛和悲傷伴隨著你原諒的那個人一起漂浮起來。
· yes, it does help us cope with the grief of losing someone that was special to us.
沒錯，這樣做確實可以幫我們減輕因失去某個特別的人而帶來的悲痛。
· people just wanted to share their grief with those around them.
人們只是想與他們周圍的人共同承擔悲痛。
· grief bears heavily on her.
悲傷使她痛苦不堪。
- 1.悲痛，悲哀，悲傷，憂傷[U][（+at/for/over）]She felt sorrow at the death of her aunt. 她對姑母去世感到悲痛。He was full of sorrow. 他非常傷心。
- 2.傷心事，不幸的事；悲傷的原因[C][P1][（+to）]The many sorrows turned her hair white. 這許許多多不幸的事使她的頭髮變白了。
- 3.懊悔；遺憾[U][（+for/over）]
be overcome with sorrow悲痛欲絕,痛不欲生
more in sorrow than in anger(對做過的事等)感到懊悔, 倒並不生氣
It was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticized his former colleague. 他批評以前的同事, 並非出於氣憤而是為他惋惜。
drown one's sorrows以酒澆愁
share joys and sorrows with sb與某人同甘共苦
share sb's joys and sorrows同甘共苦
weep through sorrow因傷心而哭泣,悲哀地哭起來
laden with sorrow憂心忡忡
in deep sorrow深深地感到悲哀
相似詞
anguish使極度痛苦
remorse懊悔；同情
sadness悲哀；悲傷，悲痛；使人悲傷的事
suffering痛苦，苦難，折磨
desolation孤寂；悲哀，憂傷；荒蕪，荒涼；廢墟；凄涼
anguish使極度痛苦
grieve使悲傷，使苦惱
disappointment失望；沮喪
grief悲痛；憂傷；不幸
suffering痛苦，苦難，折磨
oppression壓抑；鎮壓；壓迫手段；沉悶；苦惱
remorse懊悔；同情
depression沮喪；憂愁；抑郁癥；洼地；不景氣；低氣壓區
失眠是憂鬱常造成的症狀之一，因為情緒低落或是陷入憂鬱迴圈後往往會造成睡眠品質下降，時常輾轉反側（ toss and turn ）而無法安心入眠。
Sleeping pills can cure insomnia, but you should never take too many of them.
安眠藥可以治療失眠，但千萬別過度服用。
Therapist 為 therapy（治療）加上 -ist 字尾所組成的單字，而通常字尾有 -ist ，皆是指在某領域裡有專業知識的人士，例如 scientist（ science + -ist = 科學家，在科學方面有專業知識的人士）。我們一般會用「領域 ＋ therapist」來代表某個領域的治療師，例如 speech therapist 就有語言治療師的意思。Therapist 無論是對有憂鬱症、抑或是只要有憂鬱傾向的人來說都是一盞明燈，因為憂鬱的時候，如果能夠先找治療師談談，就有一定機會能夠減輕憂鬱的症狀，若是症狀嚴重的話，治療師也能再給予後續看診的建議，而當嚴重需要開藥的時候，這時就會找 psychiatrist （精神科醫生）來幫忙。
You should go seek for a therapist if you feel like having depression.
如果你覺得自己好像得了憂鬱症，那你應該去找個治療師。
動詞部分
distress
verb [ T ]
UK
/dɪˈstres/ US
/dɪˈstres/
to make someone feel very upset or worried
使煩亂，使焦慮，使憂慮
I hope I haven't distressed you with all these personal questions.我希望我問的這些私人問題沒有讓你心煩。
vt.
及物動詞
· 1.使悲痛，使苦惱，使憂傷[H][（+at/about）]Her husband's death distressed her greatly. 她丈夫的去世使她很痛苦。
· 2.使貧困
disappoint
verb [ I or T ]
UK
/ˌdɪs.əˈpɔɪnt/ US
/ˌdɪs.əˈpɔɪnt/
B1
to fail to satisfy someone or their hopes, wishes, etc., or to make someone feel unhappy
（使）失望，（使）沮喪
I'm sorry to disappoint you, but I'm afraid I can't come after all.很抱歉讓你失望，但恐怕我真的來不了。
We don't want to disappoint the fans.我們不想讓球迷們失望。
vt.
及物動詞
- 1.使失望He was disappointed that other guests were not coming. 其他客人沒有來，他感到失望。I'm afraid you're very disappointed with me. 恐怕你對我是非常失望的。
- 2.使（希望等）破滅，挫敗This disappointed his plans. 這件事打亂了他的計畫。
vt. 使失望
· dissatisfy
· , displease
· , let down
sorrow
verb [ I usually + adv/prep ]
formal
UK
/ˈsɒr.əʊ/ US
/ˈsɔːr.oʊ/
to feel great sadness
沉痛悲傷
For years she sorrowed over her missing son.多年來，她一直爲走失的兒子悲傷難過。
She sorrowed over her beloved child's death. 她痛失愛子。
upset
verb [ T ]
UK
/ʌpˈset/ US
/ʌpˈset/
present participle upsetting | past tense and past participle upset
upset verb [T] (WORRY)
B2
to make someone worried, unhappy, or angry
使心煩意亂；使難過；使生氣
It still upsets him when he thinks about the accident.一想起那次事故他仍很惱火。
Don't upset yourself by thinking about what might have been.別再去想原本可能會怎樣了，何必自尋煩惱。
减少例句
upset verb [T] (KNOCK)
to push or knock something out of its usual position, usually by accident, especially causing it to fall
推；撞；（尤指）打翻，碰倒
Our dog upset the picnic table, spilling food everywhere.狗撞翻了野餐桌，把我們的食物弄得到處都是。
upset verb [T] (MAKE SICK)
to make someone feel slightly sick
使不適
He can't eat grapes - they upset him/his stomach.他不能吃葡萄——他的胃受不了。
及物動詞
- 1.弄翻，打翻；傾覆The generals plotted to upset the government. 將軍們策劃推翻政府。
- 2.打亂，攪亂Rain upset our plans for a picnic. 下雨打亂了我們的野餐計畫。
- 3.意外地擊敗The Democrat upset the governor in the election. 這位民主黨人在選舉中意外地擊敗了州長。
- 4.使心煩意亂Losing the necklace borrowed from her friend upset her completely. 她把從朋友那兒借來的項鍊弄丟了，這使她心煩意亂。
- 5.使（腸胃）不適The lousy food upsets my stomach. 這糟糕的飯菜使我腸胃不適。
不及物動詞
- 1.翻倒；傾覆The boat will upset if a storm breaks. 如遇暴風雨，這條船會翻掉。
形容詞
Stressful 拆解開來為 stress（壓力）加上字尾 -ful，而通常字尾有 -ful 的形容詞會有「充滿…」的意思，與之帶有相反含意的則會是字尾加上 -less （缺乏…） 的形容詞（例：hopeful/hopeless 充滿希望／無希望的）
Down 這個字最直觀的聯想跟用法，為「下面」的意思。然而當形容詞形容情緒時，則代表了「低落的」的意思。
He’s been really down since his best friend left the country.
自從他朋友離開國家後他就一直情緒低落。
憂鬱說法知多少？
形容詞
首先要先來探討的就是跟憂鬱相關的形容詞，除了上方提到的 depressed、down 以外，還有一些形容詞也可以用來表示自己很憂鬱喔！
Gloomy 就如同前面提到到的 depressed、down 一樣有代表情緒低落、憂鬱的意思，而這個字的原意是灰暗的的意思。
Tom is a gloomy person. He thinks he can’t do anything well.
Tom是個憂鬱的人，他覺得自己總是一事無成。
Deflated 解釋成「灰心，氣餒的」，為動詞 deflate 的過去分詞變化型，原本為「使洩氣」的意思，因此可以得知 deflated 之所以代表灰心、氣餒的意思，即是因為形容人像氣球洩氣般無精打采。
My mom’s harsh words left me deflated.
我媽媽嚴厲的言語讓我很氣餒。
- Devastated (adj.) 被徹底摧毀、心力交瘁的
Devastated 可以說是目前這些形容詞之中，程度最為嚴重的。字首的 -De 代表了「完全，徹底」的意思，而字根部分則有「空虛，荒涼」之意。這個詞比起一般程度的憂鬱，更強調的是一種被徹底摧毀的絕望感。
Pam was devastated hearing her son pass away in a car accident.
Pam 聽到她兒子死於一場車禍就徹底崩潰了。
Bleak 這個詞本身有「荒涼，荒蕪」的意思，和前面所有形容詞都不一樣，它通常用來形容事物，但延伸形容人的時候也可以透露出整體的憂鬱跟慘淡氛圍。
Sam’s face looks bleak after hearing the bad news.
聽到壞消息後面色慘淡。
從這個詞我們可以明顯看見 stress 這個詞，可想而知這個詞跟壓力（stress）一定脱不了關係。有了壓力，人就會感到煩、感到焦慮。也因此這個字，結構上跟 depressed 有些相似，又加上了 stress，即是因壓力過大無法負荷而引起的憂慮哀傷的情緒。
Chad was distressed after hearing the news of his cousin’s death.
Chad表親的死訊使他非常哀傷。
distressed area災區
憂鬱相關片語
介紹完這麼多跟憂鬱相關的單字後，緊接著就要來介紹跟憂鬱相關的片語了，但在我們正式開始之前，要先來介紹一個極其重要的單字。許多憂鬱相關的片語可都跟這個字拖不了關係喔！
一想到 blue，通常我們會聯想到的應該不外乎都是「藍色」的意思吧？然而 blue 這個看似簡單的詞彙，卻有著另外一層更深遠的意思。延伸過後，blue 被賦予了「憂鬱的」的意思，和 depressed 的含意基本上沒有太多的不同。
He’s been in a blue mood since his wife left him.
自從他妻子離開他後他都一直鬱鬱寡歡。
以下開始來介紹和 blue 相關的憂鬱片語：
這個片語基本上就是在剛剛介紹的 blue 之前加上 feel，強調自己感到憂鬱、感到不開心。這句片語也可以用 have the blues 來表示。
I feel blue every morning because waking up is painful.
每天早上我都很憂鬱因為起床是件痛苦的事。
字面意義為唱藍調樂曲，延伸為將憂鬱給「唱」出來，就是意指將心中所有憂慮給甩開、丟棄。因此將 sing the blues 組合起來即有抱怨、訴苦的意思。
Henry is always singing the blues about everything, which is quite annoying.
Henry 對每件事都在抱怨，很多人都覺得他很煩。
